The Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), which has been in power since 1966, remains the frontrunner despite a dip in its popularity among voters.
In this election, citizens will choose members of the National Assembly, with the largest party then selecting the president. The BDP faces significant competition from a fragmented opposition, notably the Umbrella for Democratic Change, a coalition led by lawyer Duma Boko. Additionally, two other parties have fielded presidential candidates.
Economic issues have dominated the election campaign. Botswana, known as one of the wealthiest countries per capita in sub-Saharan Africa due to its diamond resources, has recently experienced a downturn in the global diamond market. This shift has led to a reduced economic growth forecast of just 1% for 2024.
Opposition leaders have criticized President Masisi for the slowing growth rate, as well as the rising levels of inequality and unemployment. While Masisi acknowledges that his efforts to stimulate job creation and bolster the economy have been hampered by the COVID-19 pandemic, he insists that his plans are still progressing.
As the world's leading diamond producer by value, Botswana has struggled to diversify its economy effectively. The BDP's manifesto outlines a development strategy aimed at boosting agricultural production and enhancing mineral processing capabilities.
Masisi initially assumed the presidency in 2018 through a planned transition following his predecessor, Ian Khama, who completed the maximum two terms in office. In the subsequent 2019 elections, the BDP retained power, winning 38 out of 57 contested parliamentary seats.
With over one million registered voters in a country of approximately 2.3 million, the electoral commission anticipates a robust turnout. Election results are typically announced within a few days, setting the stage for Botswana's political future.
